Add experimental support for loading snapshots in the embedder API
by adding a public opaque wrapper for our `SnapshotData` struct and
allowing embedders to pass it to the relevant setup functions.
Where applicable, use these helpers to deduplicate existing code
in Node.js’s startup path.

This has shown a 40 % startup performance increase for a real-world
application, even with the somewhat limited current support for
built-in modules.

The documentation includes a note about no guarantees for API or
ABI stability for this feature while it is experimental.