src: add support to override local env variables option #52531

IlyasShabi · 2024-04-14T18:45:04Z

Following #49148
This PR aims to add support to override local env variables with variables from defined env files.

using CLI
using loadEnvFile

nodejs-github-bot · 2024-04-14T18:45:09Z

Review requested:

@nodejs/startup

anonrig

I think I miss the whole point. What's the use case and the feature request that resulted in this change?

IlyasShabi · 2024-04-15T08:21:28Z

@anonrig when reading the issue about using .env files, I noticed a discussion about overriding local environment settings:
#49148 (comment)
#49148 (comment)
I created this PR to add support for overriding, similar to what dotenv offers here
Is there a specific process I should follow before creating a PR?

Trott · 2024-04-19T21:00:37Z

I'm not sure who to ping for more eyes/comments on this, but I'll try @nodejs/tooling.

doc/api/cli.md

src/node_dotenv.cc

anonrig · 2024-04-19T23:25:06Z

src/node_options.cc

@@ -627,6 +627,11 @@ EnvironmentOptionsParser::EnvironmentOptionsParser() {
            "set environment variables from supplied file",
            &EnvironmentOptions::env_file);
  Implies("--env-file", "[has_env_file_string]");
+  AddOption("--override-env-var",
+            "override environment variables set on machine with variables from "
+            "supplied file",


there needs to be a description with the usage of env-file flag or loadEnvFile

@anonrig could you check if it's correct please ?

test/parallel/test-process-load-env-file.js

doc/api/cli.md

mcollina

Lgtm

GeoffreyBooth · 2024-04-20T17:14:05Z

Is there a specific process I should follow before creating a PR?

There isn’t, but generally I encourage people to open an issue proposing a new feature before going ahead and coding the new feature. That way you get preliminary feedback before you implement, which might change the way you implement it and save you time as compared to doing revisions (like renaming this flag, for example). Or if the feedback is very negative, it might save you from wasting your time implementing a feature that won’t land. If nothing else, it separates the feedback related to the idea of the feature from the feedback related to the implementation of the feature; the issue can contain the former and the PR would get the latter.

For this feature in particular, since it’s not on the list of anticipated enhancements to --env-file, I think it would have been good to open an issue dedicated to this to discuss specifically whether this is something that we want. My initial impression is that if it’s something that we thought would be good to add, it would’ve been on the TODO list; so I’m already skeptical as to whether this is a good idea or not. I don’t think the question has been asked directly, though, so maybe it’s fine; I think it’s worth having that conversation, in more detail than the few comments you found within other threads. I think in general we’re not trying to put dotenv out of business; our scope is not to match every feature they offer, so just because dotenv does something doesn’t mean that we’ll automatically copy it.

IlyasShabi · 2024-04-20T22:23:03Z

@GeoffreyBooth Thank you for explaining this. I was inspired by the discussions to contribute.
I see why it's important to discuss new features in an issue first. This can help shape the feature better and save time.
In the future, I'll start with an issue to gather feedback before I begin coding.

src/node_process_methods.cc

doc/api/process.md

test/parallel/test-process-load-env-file.js

anonrig

Small things left on docs and tests. After them I think we can merge this.

anonrig · 2024-04-21T22:56:30Z

doc/api/cli.md

+
+If you want to use the value from the `.env` file, you should add the
+`--env-file-override-local` flag when running your application, or use
+[`process.loadEnvFile({ override: true })`][] in your code.


This line is unnecessary for the CLI flag documentation. You should also mention how --env-file flag is required as well

anonrig · 2024-04-21T22:57:25Z

doc/api/process.md

+```cjs
+const assert = require('node:assert');
+const { loadEnvFile } = require('node:process');
+loadEnvFile('.env', { override: true });


Process is a global variable. No need to require/import it.

Suggested change

loadEnvFile('.env', { override: true });

process.loadEnvFile('.env', { override: true });

I was forced to import it because of the linter no-restricted-globals.
I will disable the eslint rule then

anonrig · 2024-04-21T22:59:39Z

test/parallel/test-process-load-env-file.js

+  });
+
+  it('supports passing options only', async () => {
+    process.env.BASIC = 'Original value';


If you pass this variable in here, you mutate the current process which gets inherited by the spawn process call. But if you pass { env } as an option, it would not mutate the current process env vars.

github-actions · 2024-04-21T23:00:21Z

The notable-change PRs with changes that should be highlighted in changelogs. label has been added by @anonrig.

Please suggest a text for the release notes if you'd like to include a more detailed summary, then proceed to update the PR description with the text or a link to the notable change suggested text comment. Otherwise, the commit will be placed in the Other Notable Changes section.

bnb · 2024-04-22T20:31:57Z

doc/api/process.md

@@ -2305,6 +2313,52 @@ import { loadEnvFile } from 'node:process';
 loadEnvFile();
 ```

+Override local environment variables using override option
+
+Example:


I believe this line is unnecessary, it's not a pattern that exists anywhere else in the docs AFAIK

This sentence appears multiple times in the doc:

https://nodejs.org/api/cli.html#--allow-worker
https://nodejs.org/api/fs.html#fs-constants
https://nodejs.org/api/http.html#httpvalidateheadernamename-label
and more.

If you think this is not a good practice I can remove it.

bnb

currently these examples use a very mixed bag of import/require. You import/require assert, sometimes process, and sometimes import process... and a named export of process, and sometimes just a named export of process.

I've never seen mixing the module and a named import, maybe it's just a pattern I'm ignorant of? Either way, IMO we should just be consistent across all examples - named exports are the most direct avenue to that, I think.

Blocking because I'd really like to try to not land docs that are less than ideal and then fix later. Should be a pretty fast tweak, happy to unblock once it's addressed.

joyeecheung · 2024-04-23T15:05:39Z

currently these examples use a very mixed bag of import/require.

From what I can tell the docs are just using

direct access of process from the context + require('node:assert') in CJS examples
import 'node:process' + import 'node:assert' in ESM examples

I am not sure if you noticed but that has been the way to write the examples in both ways to allow toggling between CJS/ESM style in the doc (e.g. see https://nodejs.org/docs/latest/api/fs.html#promise-example for how the toggling works in the web page).

bnb · 2024-04-23T19:09:27Z

@joyeecheung yep, I'm aware - I've written a handful of docs that do that/added missing CJS or ESM to examples where only one is present.

Here's examples of how the docs here are inconsistent:

import assert from 'node:assert';
import process from 'node:process';

const assert = require('node:assert');
const { loadEnvFile } = require('node:process');
loadEnvFile('.env', { override: true });

import assert from 'node:assert';
import process, { loadEnvFile } from 'node:process';
loadEnvFile('.env', { override: true });
assert.strictEqual(process.env.API_KEY, 'env-custom-key');

import'ing process and then { loadEnvFile } is IMO a very weird pattern? I've never seen it before at least. The flipping between implicit process vs the one in ESM kinda is awful ngl - is this required? I guess I didn't know that was how you'd do this.

There's kinda a lot in a small space, so I figured pointing issues out broadly as the few categories that occur multiple times would be helpful but if it's not I'm happy to comment every problem individually.

joyeecheung · 2024-04-24T03:57:39Z

I see, there are some inconsistencies in import styles though I think in this code base in general, style preferences should not be blocking unless the linter complains. I’d suggest adding linter rules to forbid it or following it up with doc change PR.

bnb

disagree that we shouldn't block on docs being inconsistent but I don't think this is the venue to hash that out

GeoffreyBooth · 2024-04-28T17:35:37Z

disagree that we shouldn’t block on docs being inconsistent but I don’t think this is the venue to hash that out

I don’t think it’s a blocking concern for this PR. It’s something that can be handled in a follow-up that focuses just on standardizing the code examples in the docs, ideally with a lint rule to enforce future consistency.

IlyasShabi · 2024-04-30T09:07:34Z

Do you think this PR is ready to be merged, or does it still need additional work?

anonrig · 2024-05-07T00:01:10Z

Do you think this PR is ready to be merged, or does it still need additional work?

I'm sorry I missed this. I think we can merge it.

nodejs-github-bot · 2024-05-07T00:25:32Z

CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/job/node-test-pull-request/58998/

IlyasShabi · 2024-05-14T20:06:00Z

@anonrig Could you please run the CI ?

aduh95 · 2024-05-17T10:37:21Z

doc/api/cli.md

+Assume you have a local environment variable on your machine
+
+```bash
+API_KEY="local-key"
+```
+
+Meanwhile, your `.env` file contains:
+
+```bash
+API_KEY='env-custom-key'
+```
+
+If you want to use the value from the `.env` file, you should add the
+`--env-file-override-local` flag when running your application.
+This flag requires the use of the `--env-file` flag to load environment files.
+
+```js
+console.log(process.env.API_KEY); // 'env-custom-key'
+```
+
+If you prefer to keep the local value, do not add the
+`--env-file-override-local` flag or avoid providing the override option to
+[`process.loadEnvFile()`][]
+
+```js
+console.log(process.env.API_KEY); // 'local-key'
+```


I think the example should go more straight to the point

Suggested change

Assume you have a local environment variable on your machine

```bash

API_KEY="local-key"

```

Meanwhile, your `.env` file contains:

```bash

API_KEY='env-custom-key'

```

If you want to use the value from the `.env` file, you should add the

`--env-file-override-local` flag when running your application.

This flag requires the use of the `--env-file` flag to load environment files.

```js

console.log(process.env.API_KEY); // 'env-custom-key'

```

If you prefer to keep the local value, do not add the

`--env-file-override-local` flag or avoid providing the override option to

[`process.loadEnvFile()`][]

```js

console.log(process.env.API_KEY); // 'local-key'

```

```console

$ echo 'API_KEY="local-key"' > .env

$ node --env-file=.env -p 'process.env.API_KEY'

local-key

$ export API_KEY='env-custom-key'

$ node --env-file=.env -p 'process.env.API_KEY'

env-custom-key

$ node --env-file=.env --env-file-override-local -p 'process.env.API_KEY'

local-key

```

aduh95 · 2024-05-17T10:41:39Z

doc/api/process.md

+Assume you have a local environment variable on your machine
+
+```bash
+API_KEY="local-key"
 ```

+Meanwhile, your `.env` file contains:
+
+```bash
+API_KEY='env-custom-key'
+```
+
+If you want to use the value from the `.env` file
+
+```js
+process.loadEnvFile('.env', { override: true });
+console.log(process.env.API_KEY); // 'env-custom-key'
+```
+
+Load environment variables with options only
+
+```js
+process.loadEnvFile({ override: true });
+```
+
+This API is available through the [`--env-file-override-local`][] flag.


Same here

Suggested change

Assume you have a local environment variable on your machine

```bash

API_KEY="local-key"

```

Meanwhile, your `.env` file contains:

```bash

API_KEY='env-custom-key'

```

If you want to use the value from the `.env` file

```js

process.loadEnvFile('.env', { override: true });

console.log(process.env.API_KEY); // 'env-custom-key'

```

Load environment variables with options only

```js

process.loadEnvFile({ override: true });

```

This API is available through the [`--env-file-override-local`][] flag.

```console

$ echo 'API_KEY="local-key"' > .env

$ node -p 'process.loadEnvFile('.env');process.env.API_KEY'

local-key

$ export API_KEY='env-custom-key'

$ node -p 'process.loadEnvFile('.env');process.env.API_KEY'

env-custom-key

$ node -p 'process.loadEnvFile('.env', { override: true });process.env.API_KEY'

local-key

$ node --env-file-override-local -p 'process.loadEnvFile('.env');process.env.API_KEY'

env-custom-key

```

doc/api/process.md

lib/internal/process/per_thread.js

aduh95 · 2024-05-18T05:43:59Z

src/node_options.cc

+      "override environment variables set on machine with variables from "
+      "supplied files via --env-file flag or loadEnvFile() process function",


Is that correct that the flag has influence over loadEnvFile()? Could we add a test case for that?

Suggested change

"override environment variables set on machine with variables from "

"supplied files via --env-file flag or loadEnvFile() process function",

"override environment variables set on machine with variables from "

"supplied files via --env-file flag",

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src: add support to override local env variables option #52531

src: add support to override local env variables option #52531

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	loadEnvFile('.env', { override: true });
	process.loadEnvFile('.env', { override: true });

		"override environment variables set on machine with variables from "
		"supplied files via --env-file flag or loadEnvFile() process function",

src: add support to override local env variables option #52531

Are you sure you want to change the base?

src: add support to override local env variables option #52531

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