Robot Framework is a generic open source automation framework for acceptance testing, acceptance test driven development (ATDD), and robotic process automation (RPA). It has simple plain text syntax and it can be extended easily with libraries implemented using Python or Java.
Robot Framework is operating system and application independent. The core framework is implemented using Python, supports both Python 2 and Python 3, and runs also on Jython (JVM), IronPython (.NET) and PyPy. The framework has a rich ecosystem around it consisting of various generic libraries and tools that are developed as separate projects. For more information about Robot Framework and the ecosystem, see http://robotframework.org.
Robot Framework project is hosted on GitHub where you can find source code, an issue tracker, and some further documentation. Downloads are hosted on PyPI, except for the standalone JAR distribution that is on Maven central.
Robot Framework development is sponsored by Robot Framework Foundation.
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Download and Install Python.
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Check Python installation
python3 -V -
Install pip.
pip3 -V -
Install Robot Framework.
pip3 install robotframework -
Install Selenium Library.
pip3 install robotframework-seleniumlibrary -
Download and install VSCode VSCode.
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Install Robot Code extension from VSCode's Marketplace
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Install Browser Drivers
pip3 install webdrivermanager
Here, I have developed sample test cases for a sample web site Demoblaze.
This project is developed to demontrate Web UI automation using Robot Framework and Selenium Library.
Here, there are 3 variables ${SMALL_RETRY_SCALE}, ${MEDIUM_RETRY_SCALE} and ${LARGE_RETRY_SCALE} for retrying the keywords when they are failing. Each variable has assigned with the number of retries. Automation engineers are advised to use ${SMALL_RETRY_SCALE} as the default number of retries for the keywords. If there are big delays in some scenarios, you can use other variables ${MEDIUM_RETRY_SCALE} and ${LARGE_RETRY_SCALE}. You can find the examples for this in object-repository/page-objects directory.
Test cases are in test-cases directory and covers login functionality.
|- robot-framework-page-object-model-demo/ // Home folder for robot selenium UI automation project
|- configs/ApplicationVariables.robot // Application common variables file
|- configs/BrowserDetails.robot // Test execution browser configurations
|- configs/EnvDetails.robot // Test execution environment configurations
|- configs/SeleniumConfigs.robot // Selenium configurations
|- object-repository/locators/*.robot // UI locators of the application
|- object-repository/page-objects/CommonPo.robot // Common keywords for the application
|- object-repository/page-objects/*.robot // Page object keywords of the application
|- test-cases/..../*.robot // Test cases of the application
|- results // Test results will be saving here
|- .gitignore // Excluded the unnecessary files in the repo
|- README.md // This file
Starting from Robot Framework 3.0, tests are executed from the command line
using the robot script or by executing the robot module directly
like python -m robot or jython -m robot.
The basic usage is giving a path to a test (or task) file or directory as an argument with possible command line options before the path
python3 -m robot -v ENV:SIT -i Smoke -d results path/to/tests/
python3 -m robot -v ENV:SIT -i Smoke -d results test-cases/LoginTest.robot
"-v" refers to the variables. To replace a declared value within the code, you can specify a variable name and value.
"-i" refers to the tags. To run only a selected group of tests, you may specify a tag name.
"-d" refers to the test results. The location to save the test results can be specified here.
Additionally there is rebot tool for combining results and otherwise
post-processing outputs
rebot --name Example output1.xml output2.xml
Run robot --help and rebot --help for more information about the command
line usage. For a complete reference manual see Robot Framework User Guide.
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