Git Alias & BASH Command

Translated Versions

• বাংলা সংস্করণ
• Version English

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Table of contents

• Git Commands
• BASH Commands
• Git Alias Commands

About it

Have you recently started using Git? This should give you the base commands you need to perform the most common actions in Git. If you find a command that is not here, or could be explained better, please don't hesitate in * Contributing. Cheers!

Git Commands 🌟🌟🌟🌟

👉 Glossary

Keywords	Description
git	Open-source distributed version-control system, used to store code in repositories
GitHub, GitLab, Bitbucket	Platform for hosting and collaborating on Git repositories
staging	Proposed files/directories that you'd like to commit
commit	Saving all staged files/directories to your local repository
branch	An independent line of development, so you can develop features isolated from each other. Master branch is the default.
clone	Local version of a repository, including all commits and branches
remote	Common repository on eg. Github that all team members to keep that changes in sync with
fork	Copy of a repository owned by a different user
pull request	A method of submitting contributions to a repository
HEAD	Represents your current working directory

👉 Configuration

Key/Command	Description
git config --global user.name [name]	Set author name to be used for all commits
git config --global user.email [email]	Set author email to be used for all commits
git config color.ui true	Enables helpful colorization of command line output

👉 Getting & Creating Projects

Command	Description
git init	Initialize a local Git repository
git clone ssh://git@github.com/[username]/[repository-name].git	Create a local copy of a remote repository

👉 Basic Snapshotting

Command	Description
git status	Check status
git add [file-name.txt]	Add a file to the staging area
git add -A	Add all new and changed files to the staging area
git commit -m "[commit message]"	Commit changes
git rm -r [file-name.txt]	Remove a file (or folder)

👉 Basic Snapshotting

Command	Description
git status	Check status
git add [file-name.txt]	Add a file to the staging area
git add -A	Add all new and changed files to the staging area
git commit -m "[commit message]"	Commit changes
git rm -r [file-name.txt]	Remove a file (or folder)

👉 Committing files

Command	Description
git commit -m 'commit message'	Commit staged file(s)
git commit filename -m 'commit message'	Add file and commit
git commit -am 'insert commit message'	Add file and commit staged file
git commit --amend 'new commit message'	Amending a commit
git rebase -i	Squashing commits together
git reset --soft HEAD~number_of_commits	Squashing commits together using reset --soft
git shortlog -s --author 'Author Name'	Number of commits by author
git shortlog -s -n	List of authors and commits to a repository sorted alphabetically
git shortlog -n --author 'Author Name'	List of commit comments by author

👉 Git remote

Command	Description
git remote show origin'	Show where 'origin' is pointing to and also tracked branches
git remote -v	Show where 'origin' is pointing to
git remote set-url origin https://github.com/user/repo.git	Change the 'origin' remote's URL
git remote add [NAME] https://github.com/user/fork-repo.git	Add a new 'origin'

👉 Branching & Merging

Command	Description
git branch	List current branch
git branch -a	List all branches (local and remote)
git branch -r	Viewing remote branches
git branch -a --merged	Viewing all branches that have been merged into your current branch, local and remote
git branch -a --no-merged	Viewing all branches that haven't been merged into your current branch, local and remote
git branch [branch name]	Create a new branch
git checkout -b [branch name]	Create a new branch and switch to it
git checkout -b [branch name] origin/[branch name]	Clone a remote branch and switch to it
git branch -m [old branch name] [new branch name]	Rename a local branch
git branch -m [new-branch-name]	Rename current branch
git branch -d [branch name]	Deleting a local branch
git branch -D [branch name]	Deleting a local branch if it hasn't been merged yet
git push origin --delete [branch name]	Delete a remote branch
git checkout [branch name]	Switch to a branch
git checkout -	Switch to the branch last checked out
git checkout -- [file-name.txt]	Discard changes to a file
git merge [branch name]	Merge a branch into the active branch
git merge [source branch] [target branch]	Merge a branch into a target branch
git stash	Stash changes in a dirty working directory
git stash clear	Remove all stashed entries
git push origin branchname	Pushing local branch to remote

👉 Stashing files

Command	Description
git stash	Stash local changes
git stash save "this is your custom message"	Stash local changes with a custom message
git stash apply	Re-apply the changes you saved in your latest stash
git stash apply stash@{stash_number}	Re-apply the changes you saved in a given stash number
git stash drop stash@{0}	Drops any stash by its number
git stash pop	Apply the stash and then immediately drop it from your stack
git stash pop stash@{stash_number}	'Release' a particular stash from your list of stashes
git stash list	List all stashes
git stash show	Show the latest stash changesh
git diff stash@{0}	See diff details of a given stash number

👉 Checking what you are committing

Command	Description
git diff	See all (non-staged) changes done to a local repo
git diff --cached	See all (staged) changes done to a local repo
git diff --stat origin/master	Check what the changes between the files you've committed and the live repo

👉 Synchronization of Changes

Key/Command	Description
git fetch	Downloads all history from the remote branches
git merge	Merges remote branch into current local branch
git pull	Downloads all history from the remote branch and merges into the current local branch
git push	Pushes all the commits from the current local branch to its remote equivalent

Tip: git pull is the combination of git fetch and git merge

Undo Changes

Key/Command	Description
git checkout -- [file]	Replace file with contents from HEAD
git revert [commit]	Create new commit that undoes changes made in [commit], then apply it to the current branch
git reset [file]	Remove [file] from staging area
git reset --hard HEAD	Removes all local changes in working directory
git reset --hard [commit]	Reset your HEAD pointer to previous commit and discard all changes since then
git reset HEAD -- filename	The version from the most recent commit

Branches

Key/Command	Description
git branch [branch]	Create a new branch
git checkout [branch]	Switch to that branch
git checkout [branch] -b	Create and checkout new branch
git merge [branch]	Merge [branch] into current branch
git branch -d [branch]	Deletes the [branch]
git push origin [branch]	Push [branch] to remote
git branch	Lists local branches
git branch -r	Lists remote branches
git branch -a	Lists local and remote branches

👉 Sharing & Updating Projects

Command	Description
git push origin [branch name]	Push a branch to your remote repository
git push -u origin [branch name]	Push changes to remote repository (and remember the branch)
git push	Push changes to remote repository (remembered branch)
git push origin --delete [branch name]	Delete a remote branch
git pull	Update local repository to the newest commit
git pull origin [branch name]	Pull changes from remote repository
git remote add origin ssh://git@github.com/[username]/[repository-name].git	Add a remote repository
git remote set-url origin ssh://git@github.com/[username]/[repository-name].git	Set a repository's origin branch to SSH

👉 Inspection & Comparison 👊

Command	Description
git log	View changes
git log --summary	View changes (detailed)
git log --oneline	View changes (briefly)
git diff [source branch] [target branch]	Preview changes before merging

History / log

Key/Command	Description
git log	Show a list of all commits. shows everything commit ID, author, date and commit message
git log --author=[name]	List of commits by author
git log --oneline	Lists compressed version history for the current branch
git show [commit]	Outputs metadata and content changes of the specified commit
git blame [file]	Shows who changed what and when in file
git log -p	List of commits showing commit messages and changes
git log -S 'something'	List of commits with the particular expression you are looking for
git log --since=yesterday	Show a list of commits in a repository since yesterday

Useful Short Aliases 🌟🌟🌟

Git Add:

[alias]
    g = git
    st = status
    co = checkout
    ad = add
    cm = commit -m
    acm = commit -am
    ph = push
    rb = rebase -i
    fh = fetch
    df = diff
    br = branch -a
    re = reset HEAD\\^
    fu = fetch upstream
    rum = rebase upstream/master
    pom = push origin master
    list = config --get-regexp alias
    readme = !git add . && git commit -m "Update README.md" && git push origin master
    docs = !git add . && git commit -m "Update" && git push origin master
    update = !git fetch upstream && git rebase upstream/master && git push origin master

Git Add :

[add]
    git a = add
    git aa = add --all
    git ap = add --patch
    git au = add --update

Git Commit :

[Commit]
    git c = commit
    git ca = commit --amend
    git cam = commit --amend --message
    git cane = commit --amend --no-edit
    git ci = commit --interactive
    git cm = commit --message

Git Checkout :

[Checkout]
    git co = checkout
    git cog = checkout --guess
    git cong = checkout --no-guess
    git cob = checkout -b

Git Branch :

[Branch]
    git b = branch
    git bm = branch --merged
    git bnm = branch --no-merged
    git bed = branch --edit-description
    git bsd = branch --show-description (polyfill)

Cherry pick :

[Cherry]
    git cp = cherry-pick
    git cpa = cherry-pick --abort
    git cpc = cherry-pick --continue
    git cpn = cherry-pick -n (--no-commit)
    git cpnx = cherry-pick -n -x (--no-commit and with a message)

Git Log :

[log]
    git l = log
    git ll = log list with our preferred short settings
    git lll = log list with our preferred long settings
    git lg = log --graph
    git lo = log --oneline
    git lor = log --oneline --reverse
    git lp = log --patch
    git lfp = log --first-parent
    git lto = log --topo-order

Git Merge :

[merge]
    git m = merge
    git ma = merge --abort
    git mc = merge --continue
    git mncnf = merge --no-commit --no-ff

Git fetch :

[fetch]
     git f = fetch

Git pull :

[pull]
    git pf = pull --ff-only
    git pr = pull --rebase
    git prp = pull --rebase=preserve

Git Rebase :

[Rebase]
    git rb = rebase
    git rba = rebase --abort
    git rbc = rebase --continue
    git rbs = rebase --skip
    git rbi = rebase --interactive
    git rbiu = rebase --interactive @{upstream}

Git Remote :

[Remote]
    git rr = remote
    git rrs = remote show
    git rru = remote update
    git rrp = remote prune

Git Status :

[Status]
    git s = status
    git ss = status --short
    git ssb = status --short --branch

Contributing

1. Fork it!
2. Create your feature branch: git checkout -b my-new-feature
3. Commit your changes: git commit -m 'Add some feature'
4. Push to the branch: git push -u origin my-new-feature
5. Submit a pull request
6. cheers!