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Fixed TLS 1.3 Post Handshake Auth when the server certificate validation was disabled. |
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Pyodide, Emscripten, and PyScript | ||
================================= | ||
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From the Pyodide documentation, `Pyodide <https://pyodide.org>`_ is a Python distribution for the browser and Node.js based on WebAssembly and `Emscripten <https://emscripten.org/>`_. | ||
This technology also underpins the `PyScript framework <https://pyscript.net/>`_ and `Jupyterlite <https://jupyterlite.readthedocs.io/>`_, so should work in those environments too. | ||
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Starting in version 2.2.0 urllib3 supports being used in a Pyodide runtime utilizing | ||
the `JavaScript fetch API <https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API>`_ | ||
or falling back on `XMLHttpRequest <https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/XMLHttpRequest>`_ | ||
if the fetch API isn't available (such as when cross-origin isolation | ||
isn't active). This means you can use Python libraries to make HTTP requests from your browser! | ||
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Because urllib3's Emscripten support is API-compatible, this means that | ||
libraries that depend on urllib3 may now be usable from Emscripten and Pyodide environments, too. | ||
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.. warning:: | ||
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**Support for Emscripten and Pyodide is experimental**. Report all bugs to the `urllib3 issue tracker <https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues>`_. | ||
Currently only supports browsers, does not yet support running in Node.js. | ||
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It's recommended to `run Pyodide in a Web Worker <https://pyodide.org/en/stable/usage/webworker.html#using-from-webworker>`_ | ||
in order to take full advantage of features like the fetch API which enables streaming of HTTP response bodies. | ||
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Getting started | ||
--------------- | ||
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Using urllib3 with Pyodide means you need to `get started with Pyodide first <https://pyodide.org/en/stable/usage/quickstart.html>`_. | ||
The Pyodide project provides a `useful online REPL <https://pyodide.org/en/stable/console.html>`_ to try in your browser without | ||
any setup or installation to test out the code examples below. | ||
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urllib3's Emscripten support is automatically enabled if ``sys.platform`` is ``"emscripten"``, so no setup is required beyond installation and importing the module. | ||
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You can install urllib3 in a Pyodide environment using micropip. | ||
Try using the following code in a Pyodide console or ``<script>`` tag: | ||
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.. code-block:: python | ||
import micropip | ||
await micropip.install("urllib3") | ||
import urllib3 | ||
resp = urllib3.request("GET", "https://example.com") | ||
print(resp.status) # 200 | ||
print(resp.headers) # HTTPHeaderDict(...) | ||
print(resp.data) # ... | ||
Because `Requests <https://requests.readthedocs.io/en/latest/>`_ is built on urllib3, Requests also works out of the box: | ||
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.. code-block:: python | ||
import micropip | ||
await micropip.install("requests") | ||
import requests | ||
resp = requests.request("GET", "https://example.com") | ||
print(resp.status_code) # 200 | ||
print(resp.headers) | ||
Features | ||
-------- | ||
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Because we use JavaScript APIs under the hood, it's not possible to use all of urllib3 features. | ||
Features which are usable with Emscripten support are: | ||
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* Requests over HTTP and HTTPS | ||
* Timeouts | ||
* Retries | ||
* Streaming (with Web Workers and Cross-Origin Isolation) | ||
* Redirects | ||
* Decompressing response bodies | ||
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Features which don't work with Emscripten: | ||
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* Proxies, both forwarding and tunneling | ||
* Customizing TLS and certificates (uses browsers' configuration) | ||
* Configuring low-level socket options or source address | ||
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Streaming with Web Workers | ||
-------------------------- | ||
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To access the fetch API and do HTTP response streaming with urllib3 | ||
you must be running the code within a Web Worker and set specific HTTP headers | ||
for the serving website to enable `Cross-Origin Isolation <https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/crossOriginIsolated>`_. | ||
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You can verify whether a given environment is cross-origin isolated by evaluating the global ``crossOriginIsolated`` JavaScript property. |
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.. toctree:: | ||
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emscripten | ||
pyopenssl | ||
socks |
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