[Docs] Migrate with-context-api example to typescript (#40297)

## Documentation / Examples

- [x] Make sure the linting passes by running `pnpm lint`
- [x] The examples guidelines are followed from [our contributing doc](https://github.com/vercel/next.js/blob/canary/contributing.md#adding-examples)

examples/with-context-api/components/Counter.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+import {
+  useReducer,
+  useContext,
+  createContext,
+  ReactNode,
+  Dispatch,
+} from 'react'
+
+type CounterState = number
+type CounterAction =
+  | {
+      type: 'INCREASE' | 'DECREASE'
+    }
+  | {
+      type: 'INCREASE_BY'
+      payload: number
+    }
+
+const CounterStateContext = createContext<CounterState>(0)
+const CounterDispatchContext = createContext<Dispatch<CounterAction>>(
+  () => null
+)
+
+const reducer = (state: CounterState, action: CounterAction) => {
+  switch (action.type) {
+    case 'INCREASE':
+      return state + 1
+    case 'DECREASE':
+      return state - 1
+    case 'INCREASE_BY':
+      return state + action.payload
+    default:
+      throw new Error(`Unknown action: ${JSON.stringify(action)}`)
+  }
+}
+
+type CounterProviderProps = {
+  children: ReactNode
+  initialValue?: number
+}
+
+export const CounterProvider = ({
+  children,
+  initialValue = 0,
+}: CounterProviderProps) => {
+  const [state, dispatch] = useReducer(reducer, initialValue)
+  return (
+    <CounterDispatchContext.Provider value={dispatch}>
+      <CounterStateContext.Provider value={state}>
+        {children}
+      </CounterStateContext.Provider>
+    </CounterDispatchContext.Provider>
+  )
+}
+
+export const useCount = () => useContext(CounterStateContext)
+export const useDispatchCount = () => useContext(CounterDispatchContext)

examples/with-context-api/package.json

@@ -7,7 +7,12 @@
   },
   "dependencies": {
     "next": "latest",
-    "react": "^17.0.2",
-    "react-dom": "^17.0.2"
+    "react": "^18.2.0",
+    "react-dom": "^18.2.0"
+  },
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "@types/node": "18.7.15",
+    "@types/react": "16.9.17",
+    "typescript": "4.8.2"
   }
 }

examples/with-context-api/pages/_app.js → examples/with-context-api/pages/_app.tsx

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
+import type { AppProps } from 'next/app'
 import { CounterProvider } from '../components/Counter'
 
-function MyApp({ Component, pageProps }) {
+export default function MyApp({ Component, pageProps }: AppProps) {
   return (
     <CounterProvider>
       <Component {...pageProps} />
     </CounterProvider>
   )
 }
-
-export default MyApp

examples/with-context-api/pages/about.js → examples/with-context-api/pages/about.tsx

@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
+import type { MouseEvent } from 'react'
 import Link from 'next/link'
 import { useCount, useDispatchCount } from '../components/Counter'
 
 const AboutPage = () => {
   const count = useCount()
   const dispatch = useDispatchCount()
 
-  const handleIncrease = (event) =>
+  const handleIncrease = (event: MouseEvent<HTMLButtonElement>) =>
     dispatch({
       type: 'INCREASE',
     })
-  const handleIncrease15 = (event) =>
+  const handleIncrease15 = (event: MouseEvent<HTMLButtonElement>) =>
     dispatch({
       type: 'INCREASE_BY',
       payload: 15,

examples/with-context-api/pages/index.js → examples/with-context-api/pages/index.tsx

@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
+import type { MouseEvent } from 'react'
 import Link from 'next/link'
 import { useCount, useDispatchCount } from '../components/Counter'
 
 const IndexPage = () => {
   const count = useCount()
   const dispatch = useDispatchCount()
 
-  const handleIncrease = (event) =>
+  const handleIncrease = (event: MouseEvent<HTMLButtonElement>) =>
     dispatch({
       type: 'INCREASE',
     })
-  const handleDecrease = (event) =>
+  const handleDecrease = (event: MouseEvent<HTMLButtonElement>) =>
     dispatch({
       type: 'DECREASE',
     })

examples/with-context-api/tsconfig.json

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+{
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "target": "es5",
+    "lib": ["dom", "dom.iterable", "esnext"],
+    "allowJs": true,
+    "skipLibCheck": true,
+    "strict": true,
+    "forceConsistentCasingInFileNames": true,
+    "noEmit": true,
+    "incremental": true,
+    "esModuleInterop": true,
+    "moduleResolution": "node",
+    "module": "esnext",
+    "resolveJsonModule": true,
+    "isolatedModules": true,
+    "jsx": "preserve"
+  },
+  "include": ["next-env.d.ts", "**/*.ts", "**/*.tsx"],
+  "exclude": ["node_modules"]
+}