feat(css): deprecate css default export

packages/vite/client.d.ts

@@ -38,34 +38,58 @@ declare module '*.module.sss' {
 
 // CSS
 declare module '*.css' {
+  /**
+   * @deprecated Use `import style from './style.css?inline'` instead.
+   */
   const css: string
   export default css
 }
 declare module '*.scss' {
+  /**
+   * @deprecated Use `import style from './style.scss?inline'` instead.
+   */
   const css: string
   export default css
 }
 declare module '*.sass' {
+  /**
+   * @deprecated Use `import style from './style.sass?inline'` instead.
+   */
   const css: string
   export default css
 }
 declare module '*.less' {
+  /**
+   * @deprecated Use `import style from './style.less?inline'` instead.
+   */
   const css: string
   export default css
 }
 declare module '*.styl' {
+  /**
+   * @deprecated Use `import style from './style.styl?inline'` instead.
+   */
   const css: string
   export default css
 }
 declare module '*.stylus' {
+  /**
+   * @deprecated Use `import style from './style.stylus?inline'` instead.
+   */
   const css: string
   export default css
 }
 declare module '*.pcss' {
+  /**
+   * @deprecated Use `import style from './style.pcss?inline'` instead.
+   */
   const css: string
   export default css
 }
 declare module '*.sss' {
+  /**
+   * @deprecated Use `import style from './style.sss?inline'` instead.
+   */
   const css: string
   export default css
 }

packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/plugins/importGlob/fixture.test.ts

@@ -4,12 +4,14 @@ import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
 import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
 import { transformGlobImport } from '../../../plugins/importMetaGlob'
 import { transformWithEsbuild } from '../../../plugins/esbuild'
+import { createLogger } from '../../../logger'
 
 const __dirname = resolve(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url), '..')
 
 describe('fixture', async () => {
   const resolveId = (id: string) => id
   const root = resolve(__dirname, '..')
+  const logger = createLogger()
 
   it('transform', async () => {
     const id = resolve(__dirname, './fixture-a/index.ts')
@@ -18,7 +20,9 @@ describe('fixture', async () => {
     ).code
 
     expect(
-      (await transformGlobImport(code, id, root, resolveId))?.s.toString()
+      (
+        await transformGlobImport(code, id, root, resolveId, logger)
+      )?.s.toString()
     ).toMatchSnapshot()
   })
 
@@ -30,7 +34,13 @@ describe('fixture', async () => {
     ].join('\n')
     expect(
       (
-        await transformGlobImport(code, 'virtual:module', root, resolveId)
+        await transformGlobImport(
+          code,
+          'virtual:module',
+          root,
+          resolveId,
+          logger
+        )
       )?.s.toString()
     ).toMatchSnapshot()
 
@@ -39,7 +49,8 @@ describe('fixture', async () => {
         "import.meta.glob('./modules/*.ts')",
         'virtual:module',
         root,
-        resolveId
+        resolveId,
+        logger
       )
       expect('no error').toBe('should throw an error')
     } catch (err) {
@@ -56,7 +67,9 @@ describe('fixture', async () => {
     ).code
 
     expect(
-      (await transformGlobImport(code, id, root, resolveId, true))?.s.toString()
+      (
+        await transformGlobImport(code, id, root, resolveId, logger, true)
+      )?.s.toString()
     ).toMatchSnapshot()
   })
 })

packages/vite/src/node/constants.ts

@@ -46,6 +46,9 @@ export const DEFAULT_CONFIG_FILES = [
 
 export const JS_TYPES_RE = /\.(?:j|t)sx?$|\.mjs$/
 
+export const CSS_LANGS_RE =
+  /\.(css|less|sass|scss|styl|stylus|pcss|postcss|sss)($|\\?)/
+
 export const OPTIMIZABLE_ENTRY_RE = /\.[cm]?[jt]s$/
 
 export const SPECIAL_QUERY_RE = /[?&](?:worker|sharedworker|raw|url)\b/

packages/vite/src/node/optimizer/scan.ts

@@ -6,7 +6,12 @@ import type { Loader, OnLoadResult, Plugin } from 'esbuild'
 import { build, transform } from 'esbuild'
 import colors from 'picocolors'
 import type { ResolvedConfig } from '..'
-import { JS_TYPES_RE, KNOWN_ASSET_TYPES, SPECIAL_QUERY_RE } from '../constants'
+import {
+  CSS_LANGS_RE,
+  JS_TYPES_RE,
+  KNOWN_ASSET_TYPES,
+  SPECIAL_QUERY_RE
+} from '../constants'
 import {
   cleanUrl,
   createDebugger,
@@ -217,7 +222,8 @@ function esbuildScanPlugin(
       transpiledContents,
       id,
       config.root,
-      resolve
+      resolve,
+      config.logger
     )
 
     return result?.s.toString() || transpiledContents
@@ -430,14 +436,11 @@ function esbuildScanPlugin(
       // they are done after the bare import resolve because a package name
       // may end with these extensions
 
-      // css & json & wasm
-      build.onResolve(
-        {
-          filter:
-            /\.(css|less|sass|scss|styl|stylus|pcss|postcss|sss|json|wasm)$/
-        },
-        externalUnlessEntry
-      )
+      // css
+      build.onResolve({ filter: CSS_LANGS_RE }, externalUnlessEntry)
+
+      // json & wasm
+      build.onResolve({ filter: /\.(json|json5|wasm)$/ }, externalUnlessEntry)
 
       // known asset types
       build.onResolve(

packages/vite/src/node/plugins/css.ts

@@ -26,7 +26,11 @@ import { getCodeWithSourcemap, injectSourcesContent } from '../server/sourcemap'
 import type { ModuleNode } from '../server/moduleGraph'
 import type { ResolveFn, ViteDevServer } from '../'
 import { toOutputFilePathInCss } from '../build'
-import { CLIENT_PUBLIC_PATH, SPECIAL_QUERY_RE } from '../constants'
+import {
+  CLIENT_PUBLIC_PATH,
+  CSS_LANGS_RE,
+  SPECIAL_QUERY_RE
+} from '../constants'
 import type { ResolvedConfig } from '../config'
 import type { Plugin } from '../plugin'
 import {
@@ -102,10 +106,7 @@ export interface CSSModulesOptions {
   localsConvention?: 'camelCase' | 'camelCaseOnly' | 'dashes' | 'dashesOnly'
 }
 
-const cssLangs = `\\.(css|less|sass|scss|styl|stylus|pcss|postcss|sss)($|\\?)`
-const cssLangRE = new RegExp(cssLangs)
-// eslint-disable-next-line regexp/no-unused-capturing-group
-const cssModuleRE = new RegExp(`\\.module${cssLangs}`)
+const cssModuleRE = new RegExp(`\\.module${CSS_LANGS_RE.source}`)
 const directRequestRE = /(?:\?|&)direct\b/
 const htmlProxyRE = /(?:\?|&)html-proxy\b/
 const commonjsProxyRE = /\?commonjs-proxy/
@@ -135,10 +136,13 @@ type CssLang =
   | keyof typeof PostCssDialectLang
 
 export const isCSSRequest = (request: string): boolean =>
-  cssLangRE.test(request)
+  CSS_LANGS_RE.test(request)
+
+export const isModuleCSSRequest = (request: string): boolean =>
+  cssModuleRE.test(request)
 
 export const isDirectCSSRequest = (request: string): boolean =>
-  cssLangRE.test(request) && directRequestRE.test(request)
+  CSS_LANGS_RE.test(request) && directRequestRE.test(request)
 
 export const isDirectRequest = (request: string): boolean =>
   directRequestRE.test(request)
@@ -773,7 +777,7 @@ async function compileCSS(
   // crawl them in order to register watch dependencies.
   const needInlineImport = code.includes('@import')
   const hasUrl = cssUrlRE.test(code) || cssImageSetRE.test(code)
-  const lang = id.match(cssLangRE)?.[1] as CssLang | undefined
+  const lang = id.match(CSS_LANGS_RE)?.[1] as CssLang | undefined
   const postcssConfig = await resolvePostcssConfig(config, getCssDialect(lang))
 
   // 1. plain css that needs no processing

packages/vite/src/node/plugins/importAnalysis.ts

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ import {
   ERR_OUTDATED_OPTIMIZED_DEP,
   throwOutdatedRequest
 } from './optimizedDeps'
-import { isCSSRequest, isDirectCSSRequest } from './css'
+import { isCSSRequest, isDirectCSSRequest, isModuleCSSRequest } from './css'
 import { browserExternalId } from './resolve'
 
 const isDebug = !!process.env.DEBUG
@@ -436,6 +436,35 @@ export function importAnalysisPlugin(config: ResolvedConfig): Plugin {
           str().remove(end + 1, expEnd)
         }
 
+        if (
+          !isDynamicImport &&
+          specifier &&
+          isCSSRequest(specifier) &&
+          !isModuleCSSRequest(specifier) &&
+          !specifier.includes('?') // ignore custom queries
+        ) {
+          const sourceExp = source.slice(expStart, start)
+          if (
+            sourceExp.includes('from') && // check default and named imports
+            !sourceExp.includes('__vite_glob_') // glob handles deprecation message itself
+          ) {
+            const newImport =
+              sourceExp + specifier + `?inline` + source.slice(end, expEnd)
+            this.warn(
+              `\n` +
+                colors.cyan(importerModule.file) +
+                `\n` +
+                colors.reset(generateCodeFrame(source, start)) +
+                `\n` +
+                colors.yellow(
+                  `Default and named imports from CSS files are deprecated. ` +
+                    `Use the ?inline query instead. ` +
+                    `For example: ${newImport}`
+                )
+            )
+          }
+        }
+
         // static import or valid string in dynamic import
         // If resolvable, let's resolve it
         if (specifier) {
@@ -567,14 +596,16 @@ export function importAnalysisPlugin(config: ResolvedConfig): Plugin {
                 `\n` +
                   colors.cyan(importerModule.file) +
                   `\n` +
-                  generateCodeFrame(source, start) +
-                  `\nThe above dynamic import cannot be analyzed by Vite.\n` +
-                  `See ${colors.blue(
-                    `https://github.com/rollup/plugins/tree/master/packages/dynamic-import-vars#limitations`
-                  )} ` +
-                  `for supported dynamic import formats. ` +
-                  `If this is intended to be left as-is, you can use the ` +
-                  `/* @vite-ignore */ comment inside the import() call to suppress this warning.\n`
+                  colors.reset(generateCodeFrame(source, start)) +
+                  colors.yellow(
+                    `\nThe above dynamic import cannot be analyzed by Vite.\n` +
+                      `See ${colors.blue(
+                        `https://github.com/rollup/plugins/tree/master/packages/dynamic-import-vars#limitations`
+                      )} ` +
+                      `for supported dynamic import formats. ` +
+                      `If this is intended to be left as-is, you can use the ` +
+                      `/* @vite-ignore */ comment inside the import() call to suppress this warning.\n`
+                  )
               )
             }
           }

packages/vite/src/node/plugins/importMetaGlob.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { isAbsolute, posix } from 'node:path'
 import micromatch from 'micromatch'
+import colors from 'picocolors'
 import { stripLiteral } from 'strip-literal'
 import type {
   ArrayExpression,
@@ -21,7 +22,14 @@ import type { Plugin } from '../plugin'
 import type { ViteDevServer } from '../server'
 import type { ModuleNode } from '../server/moduleGraph'
 import type { ResolvedConfig } from '../config'
-import { normalizePath, slash, transformStableResult } from '../utils'
+import {
+  generateCodeFrame,
+  normalizePath,
+  slash,
+  transformStableResult
+} from '../utils'
+import type { Logger } from '../logger'
+import { isCSSRequest } from './css'
 
 const { isMatch, scan } = micromatch
 
@@ -68,6 +76,7 @@ export function importGlobPlugin(config: ResolvedConfig): Plugin {
         id,
         config.root,
         (im) => this.resolve(im, id).then((i) => i?.id || im),
+        config.logger,
         config.experimental.importGlobRestoreExtension
       )
       if (result) {
@@ -318,6 +327,7 @@ export async function transformGlobImport(
   id: string,
   root: string,
   resolveId: IdResolver,
+  logger: Logger,
   restoreQueryExtension = false
 ): Promise<TransformGlobImportResult | null> {
   id = slash(id)
@@ -374,6 +384,23 @@ export async function transformGlobImport(
 
           if (query && !query.startsWith('?')) query = `?${query}`
 
+          if (
+            !query.match(/(?:\?|&)inline\b/) &&
+            files.some((file) => isCSSRequest(file))
+          ) {
+            logger.warn(
+              `\n` +
+                colors.cyan(id) +
+                `\n` +
+                colors.reset(generateCodeFrame(code, start)) +
+                `\n` +
+                colors.yellow(
+                  `Globbing CSS files without the ?inline query is deprecated. ` +
+                    `Add the \`{ query: '?inline' }\` glob option to fix this.`
+                )
+            )
+          }
+
           const resolvePaths = (file: string) => {
             if (!dir) {
               if (isRelative)

packages/vite/src/node/plugins/splitVendorChunk.ts

@@ -8,10 +8,13 @@ import type { UserConfig } from '../../node'
 import type { Plugin } from '../plugin'
 
 // This file will be built for both ESM and CJS. Avoid relying on other modules as possible.
-const cssLangs = `\\.(?:css|less|sass|scss|styl|stylus|pcss|postcss)(?:$|\\?)`
-const cssLangRE = new RegExp(cssLangs)
+
+// copy from constants.ts
+const CSS_LANGS_RE =
+  // eslint-disable-next-line regexp/no-unused-capturing-group
+  /\.(css|less|sass|scss|styl|stylus|pcss|postcss|sss)(?:$|\\?)/
 export const isCSSRequest = (request: string): boolean =>
-  cssLangRE.test(request)
+  CSS_LANGS_RE.test(request)
 
 // Use splitVendorChunkPlugin() to get the same manualChunks strategy as Vite 2.7
 // We don't recommend using this strategy as a general solution moving forward

playground/css/__tests__/css.spec.ts

@@ -17,16 +17,18 @@ import {
 // note: tests should retrieve the element at the beginning of test and reuse it
 // in later assertions to ensure CSS HMR doesn't reload the page
 test('imported css', async () => {
+  const glob = await page.textContent('.imported-css-glob')
+  expect(glob).toContain('.dir-import')
+  const globEager = await page.textContent('.imported-css-globEager')
+  expect(globEager).toContain('.dir-import')
+})
+
+test('inline imported css', async () => {
   const css = await page.textContent('.imported-css')
   expect(css).toMatch(/\.imported ?\{/)
   if (isBuild) {
     expect(css.trim()).not.toContain('\n') // check minified
   }
-
-  const glob = await page.textContent('.imported-css-glob')
-  expect(glob).toContain('.dir-import')
-  const globEager = await page.textContent('.imported-css-globEager')
-  expect(globEager).toContain('.dir-import')
 })
 
 test('linked css', async () => {