Actions experimental release

.changeset/shaggy-moons-peel.md

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+---
+"astro": minor
+---
+
+Adds experimental support for the Actions API. Actions let you define type-safe endpoints you can query from client components with progressive enhancement built in.
+
+
+Actions help you write type-safe backend functions you can call from anywhere. Enable server rendering [using the `output` property](https://docs.astro.build/en/basics/rendering-modes/#on-demand-rendered) and add the `actions` flag to the `experimental` object:
+
+```js
+{
+  output: 'hybrid', // or 'server'
+  experimental: {
+    actions: true,
+  },
+}
+```
+
+Declare all your actions in `src/actions/index.ts`. This file is the global actions handler.
+
+Define an action using the `defineAction()` utility from the `astro:actions` module. These accept the `handler` property to define your server-side request handler. If your action accepts arguments, apply the `input` property to validate parameters with Zod.
+
+This example defines two actions: `like` and `comment`. The `like` action accepts a JSON object with a `postId` string, while the `comment` action accepts [FormData](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/XMLHttpRequest_API/Using_FormData_Objects) with `postId`, `author`, and `body` strings. Each `handler` updates your database and return a type-safe response.
+
+```ts
+// src/actions/index.ts
+import { defineAction, z } from "astro:actions";
+
+export const server = {
+  like: defineAction({
+    input: z.object({ postId: z.string() }),
+    handler: async ({ postId }, context) => {
+      // update likes in db
+
+      return likes;
+    },
+  }),
+  comment: defineAction({
+    accept: 'form',
+    input: z.object({
+      postId: z.string(),
+      author: z.string(),
+      body: z.string(),
+    }),
+    handler: async ({ postId }, context) => {
+      // insert comments in db
+
+      return comment;
+    },
+  }),
+};
+```
+
+Then, call an action from your client components using the `actions` object from `astro:actions`. You can pass a type-safe object when using JSON, or a [FormData](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/XMLHttpRequest_API/Using_FormData_Objects) object when using `accept: 'form'` in your action definition:
+
+```tsx "actions"
+// src/components/blog.tsx
+import { actions } from "astro:actions";
+import { useState } from "preact/hooks";
+
+export function Like({ postId }: { postId: string }) {
+  const [likes, setLikes] = useState(0);
+  return (
+    <button
+      onClick={async () => {
+        const newLikes = await actions.like({ postId });
+        setLikes(newLikes);
+      }}
+    >
+      {likes} likes
+    </button>
+  );
+}
+
+export function Comment({ postId }: { postId: string }) {
+  return (
+    <form
+      onSubmit={async (e) => {
+        e.preventDefault();
+        const formData = new FormData(e.target);
+        const result = await actions.blog.comment(formData);
+        // handle result
+      }}
+    >
+      <input type="hidden" name="postId" value={postId} />
+      <label for="author">Author</label>
+      <input id="author" type="text" name="author" />
+      <textarea rows={10} name="body"></textarea>
+      <button type="submit">Post</button>
+    </form>
+  );
+}
+```
+
+For a complete overview, and to give feedback on this experimental API, see the [Actions RFC](https://github.com/withastro/roadmap/blob/actions/proposals/0046-actions.md).

packages/astro/client.d.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /// <reference types="vite/types/import-meta.d.ts" />
 /// <reference path="./types/content.d.ts" />
+/// <reference path="./types/actions.d.ts" />
 
 // eslint-disable-next-line  @typescript-eslint/no-namespace
 declare namespace App {

packages/astro/e2e/actions-blog.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+import { expect } from '@playwright/test';
+import { testFactory } from './test-utils.js';
+
+const test = testFactory({ root: './fixtures/actions-blog/' });
+
+let devServer;
+
+test.beforeAll(async ({ astro }) => {
+	devServer = await astro.startDevServer();
+});
+
+test.afterAll(async () => {
+	await devServer.stop();
+});
+
+test.describe('Astro Actions - Blog', () => {
+	test('Like action', async ({ page, astro }) => {
+		await page.goto(astro.resolveUrl('/blog/first-post/'));
+
+		const likeButton = page.getByLabel('Like');
+		await expect(likeButton, 'like button starts with 10 likes').toContainText('10');
+		await likeButton.click();
+		await expect(likeButton, 'like button should increment likes').toContainText('11');
+	});
+
+	test('Comment action - validation error', async ({ page, astro }) => {
+		await page.goto(astro.resolveUrl('/blog/first-post/'));
+
+		const authorInput = page.locator('input[name="author"]');
+		const bodyInput = page.locator('textarea[name="body"]');
+
+		await authorInput.fill('Ben');
+		await bodyInput.fill('Too short');
+
+		const submitButton = page.getByLabel('Post comment');
+		await submitButton.click();
+
+		await expect(page.locator('p[data-error="body"]')).toBeVisible();
+	});
+
+	test('Comment action - success', async ({ page, astro }) => {
+		await page.goto(astro.resolveUrl('/blog/first-post/'));
+
+		const authorInput = page.locator('input[name="author"]');
+		const bodyInput = page.locator('textarea[name="body"]');
+
+		const body = 'This should be long enough.';
+		await authorInput.fill('Ben');
+		await bodyInput.fill(body);
+
+		const submitButton = page.getByLabel('Post comment');
+		await submitButton.click();
+
+		const comment = await page.getByTestId('comment');
+		await expect(comment).toBeVisible();
+		await expect(comment).toContainText(body);
+	});
+});

packages/astro/e2e/fixtures/actions-blog/astro.config.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { defineConfig } from 'astro/config';
+import db from '@astrojs/db';
+import react from '@astrojs/react';
+import node from '@astrojs/node';
+
+// https://astro.build/config
+export default defineConfig({
+	site: 'https://example.com',
+	integrations: [db(), react()],
+	output: 'hybrid',
+	adapter: node({
+		mode: 'standalone',
+	}),
+	experimental: {
+		actions: true,
+	},
+});

packages/astro/e2e/fixtures/actions-blog/db/config.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import { column, defineDb, defineTable } from "astro:db";
+
+const Comment = defineTable({
+  columns: {
+    postId: column.text(),
+    author: column.text(),
+    body: column.text(),
+  },
+});
+
+const Likes = defineTable({
+  columns: {
+    postId: column.text(),
+    likes: column.number(),
+  },
+});
+
+// https://astro.build/db/config
+export default defineDb({
+  tables: { Comment, Likes },
+});

packages/astro/e2e/fixtures/actions-blog/db/seed.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+import { db, Likes, Comment } from "astro:db";
+
+// https://astro.build/db/seed
+export default async function seed() {
+  await db.insert(Likes).values({
+    postId: "first-post.md",
+    likes: 10,
+  });
+
+  await db.insert(Comment).values({
+    postId: "first-post.md",
+    author: "Alice",
+    body: "Great post!",
+  });
+}

packages/astro/e2e/fixtures/actions-blog/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+{
+	"name": "@e2e/astro-actions-basics",
+	"type": "module",
+	"version": "0.0.1",
+	"scripts": {
+		"dev": "astro dev",
+		"start": "astro dev",
+		"build": "astro check && astro build",
+		"preview": "astro preview",
+		"astro": "astro"
+	},
+	"dependencies": {
+		"@astrojs/check": "^0.5.10",
+		"@astrojs/db": "workspace:*",
+		"@astrojs/node": "workspace:*",
+		"@astrojs/react": "workspace:*",
+		"@types/react": "^18.2.79",
+		"@types/react-dom": "^18.2.25",
+		"astro": "workspace:*",
+		"react": "^18.3.0",
+		"react-dom": "^18.3.0",
+		"typescript": "^5.4.5"
+	}
+}

packages/astro/e2e/fixtures/actions-blog/src/actions/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+import { db, Comment, Likes, eq, sql } from 'astro:db';
+import { defineAction, z } from 'astro:actions';
+
+export const server = {
+	blog: {
+		like: defineAction({
+			input: z.object({ postId: z.string() }),
+			handler: async ({ postId }) => {
+				await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 200));
+
+				const { likes } = await db
+					.update(Likes)
+					.set({
+						likes: sql`likes + 1`,
+					})
+					.where(eq(Likes.postId, postId))
+					.returning()
+					.get();
+
+				return likes;
+			},
+		}),
+
+		comment: defineAction({
+			accept: 'form',
+			input: z.object({
+				postId: z.string(),
+				author: z.string(),
+				body: z.string().min(10),
+			}),
+			handler: async ({ postId, author, body }) => {
+				const comment = await db
+					.insert(Comment)
+					.values({
+						postId,
+						body,
+						author,
+					})
+					.returning()
+					.get();
+				return comment;
+			},
+		}),
+	},
+};

packages/astro/e2e/fixtures/actions-blog/src/components/BaseHead.astro

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+---
+// Import the global.css file here so that it is included on
+// all pages through the use of the <BaseHead /> component.
+import '../styles/global.css';
+
+interface Props {
+	title: string;
+	description: string;
+	image?: string;
+}
+
+const canonicalURL = new URL(Astro.url.pathname, Astro.site);
+
+const { title, description, image = '/blog-placeholder-1.jpg' } = Astro.props;
+---
+
+<!-- Global Metadata -->
+<meta charset="utf-8" />
+<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1" />
+<link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="/favicon.svg" />
+<meta name="generator" content={Astro.generator} />
+
+<!-- Font preloads -->
+<link rel="preload" href="/fonts/atkinson-regular.woff" as="font" type="font/woff" crossorigin />
+<link rel="preload" href="/fonts/atkinson-bold.woff" as="font" type="font/woff" crossorigin />
+
+<!-- Canonical URL -->
+<link rel="canonical" href={canonicalURL} />
+
+<!-- Primary Meta Tags -->
+<title>{title}</title>
+<meta name="title" content={title} />
+<meta name="description" content={description} />
+
+<!-- Open Graph / Facebook -->
+<meta property="og:type" content="website" />
+<meta property="og:url" content={Astro.url} />
+<meta property="og:title" content={title} />
+<meta property="og:description" content={description} />
+<meta property="og:image" content={new URL(image, Astro.url)} />
+
+<!-- Twitter -->
+<meta property="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" />
+<meta property="twitter:url" content={Astro.url} />
+<meta property="twitter:title" content={title} />
+<meta property="twitter:description" content={description} />
+<meta property="twitter:image" content={new URL(image, Astro.url)} />

packages/astro/e2e/fixtures/actions-blog/src/components/Footer.astro

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+---
+const today = new Date();
+---
+
+<footer>
+	&copy; {today.getFullYear()} Your name here. All rights reserved.
+	<div class="social-links">
+		<a href="https://m.webtoo.ls/@astro" target="_blank">
+			<span class="sr-only">Follow Astro on Mastodon</span>
+			<svg
+				viewBox="0 0 16 16"
+				aria-hidden="true"
+				width="32"
+				height="32"
+				astro-icon="social/mastodon"
+				><path
+					fill="currentColor"
+					d="M11.19 12.195c2.016-.24 3.77-1.475 3.99-2.603.348-1.778.32-4.339.32-4.339 0-3.47-2.286-4.488-2.286-4.488C12.062.238 10.083.017 8.027 0h-.05C5.92.017 3.942.238 2.79.765c0 0-2.285 1.017-2.285 4.488l-.002.662c-.004.64-.007 1.35.011 2.091.083 3.394.626 6.74 3.78 7.57 1.454.383 2.703.463 3.709.408 1.823-.1 2.847-.647 2.847-.647l-.06-1.317s-1.303.41-2.767.36c-1.45-.05-2.98-.156-3.215-1.928a3.614 3.614 0 0 1-.033-.496s1.424.346 3.228.428c1.103.05 2.137-.064 3.188-.189zm1.613-2.47H11.13v-4.08c0-.859-.364-1.295-1.091-1.295-.804 0-1.207.517-1.207 1.541v2.233H7.168V5.89c0-1.024-.403-1.541-1.207-1.541-.727 0-1.091.436-1.091 1.296v4.079H3.197V5.522c0-.859.22-1.541.66-2.046.456-.505 1.052-.764 1.793-.764.856 0 1.504.328 1.933.983L8 4.39l.417-.695c.429-.655 1.077-.983 1.934-.983.74 0 1.336.259 1.791.764.442.505.661 1.187.661 2.046v4.203z"
+				></path></svg
+			>
+		</a>
+		<a href="https://twitter.com/astrodotbuild" target="_blank">
+			<span class="sr-only">Follow Astro on Twitter</span>
+			<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" aria-hidden="true" width="32" height="32" astro-icon="social/twitter"
+				><path
+					fill="currentColor"
+					d="M5.026 15c6.038 0 9.341-5.003 9.341-9.334 0-.14 0-.282-.006-.422A6.685 6.685 0 0 0 16 3.542a6.658 6.658 0 0 1-1.889.518 3.301 3.301 0 0 0 1.447-1.817 6.533 6.533 0 0 1-2.087.793A3.286 3.286 0 0 0 7.875 6.03a9.325 9.325 0 0 1-6.767-3.429 3.289 3.289 0 0 0 1.018 4.382A3.323 3.323 0 0 1 .64 6.575v.045a3.288 3.288 0 0 0 2.632 3.218 3.203 3.203 0 0 1-.865.115 3.23 3.23 0 0 1-.614-.057 3.283 3.283 0 0 0 3.067 2.277A6.588 6.588 0 0 1 .78 13.58a6.32 6.32 0 0 1-.78-.045A9.344 9.344 0 0 0 5.026 15z"
+				></path></svg
+			>
+		</a>
+		<a href="https://github.com/withastro/astro" target="_blank">
+			<span class="sr-only">Go to Astro's GitHub repo</span>
+			<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" aria-hidden="true" width="32" height="32" astro-icon="social/github"
+				><path
+					fill="currentColor"
+					d="M8 0C3.58 0 0 3.58 0 8c0 3.54 2.29 6.53 5.47 7.59.4.07.55-.17.55-.38 0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.012 8.012 0 0 0 16 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z"
+				></path></svg
+			>
+		</a>
+	</div>
+</footer>
+<style>
+	footer {
+		padding: 2em 1em 6em 1em;
+		background: linear-gradient(var(--gray-gradient)) no-repeat;
+		color: rgb(var(--gray));
+		text-align: center;
+	}
+	.social-links {
+		display: flex;
+		justify-content: center;
+		gap: 1em;
+		margin-top: 1em;
+	}
+	.social-links a {
+		text-decoration: none;
+		color: rgb(var(--gray));
+	}
+	.social-links a:hover {
+		color: rgb(var(--gray-dark));
+	}
+</style>