These are some experiments, evaluations and random thoughts with the mainline kernel on H5 boards. It's a Work In Progress (WIP), kernel 4.15 and up will be updated from time to time. The goal here is to test the mainline status to the chosen board sample and not the board features. Chose a dev board specific to your needs and a kernel version to work best with the chosen board.
The table below shows the first run and values gathered are not final, YET.
-
NanoPi K1 Plus Desktop OS Image with Mainline Kernel 4.18.5 is available at mega (8GB SD Card) (experimental)
https://mega.nz/#F!0WZACYyY!8WBEsKzzZaMk63aXHKtuOA
User: ubuntu
Pasw: ubuntu -
Kernel update (4.18.6 + ZRAM)
sudo dpkg -i linux-image-4.18.6-h5-desktop_1.0-1.deb sync sudo shutdown -h now then power cycle the board -
Kernel and opp update (4.18.7 + ZRAM)
sudo dpkg -i linux-image-4.18.7-h5-desktop_1.0-2.deb sync sudo shutdown -h now then power cycle the board -
Kernel and opp update (4.18.8 + ZRAM)
sudo dpkg -i linux-image-4.18.8-h5-desktop_1.0-2.deb sync sudo shutdown -h now then power cycle the board -
Kernel update (4.19.0 + ZRAM)
sudo dpkg -i linux-image-4.19.0-h5-desktop_1.0-3.deb sync sudo shutdown -h now then power cycle the board
Credits:
- FE for the board and initial kernel (K1 Plus)
- sunxi community (THS, HDMI, mali)
- Armbian (tips, technical stuff)
Cpu-freq
[
]
| SBC Dev Board sample | K1 Plus | K1 Plus | K1 Plus | K1 Plus | K1 Plus | K1 Plus |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| kernel version | 4.17.19 EOL | 4.19.0 | 4.18.7 | 4.18.8 | NA | NA |
| gcc version | 7.3.1 | 7.3.1 | 7.3.1 | 7.3.1 | NA | NA |
| display / Touch ID | hdmi / 1920x1080 | hdmi / 1920x1080 | hdmi / 1920x1080 | hdmi / 1920x1080 | NA | NA |
| graphical interface | X11 / Desktop | X11 / Desktop | X11 / Desktop | framebuffer | NA | NA |
| power regulator IC | SY8106 | SY8106 | SY8106 | SY8106 | SY8106 | SY8106 |
| idle Temp ºC / freq | 25 ºC / ~720 Mhz | 32 ºC / ~120 Mhz | 35 ºC / ~720 Mhz | 35 ºC / ~720 Mhz | NA | NA |
| full Temp ºC / freq | 70 ºC / 1368 Mhz | 70 ºC / 1368 Mhz (**) | 75 ºC / 1368 Mhz(***) | 75 ºC / 1368 Mhz(***) | NA | NA |
| RAM memory usage (avg) | 289 Mbytes | 289 Mbytes | 289 Mbytes | 289 Mbytes | NA | NA |
| Camera OV5640 | 30 FPS YUV (full HD) | (mainline driver **) | 30 FPS YUV (full HD) | NA | NA | NA |
| Wifi | Ok | Ok | Ok | Ok | NA | NA |
| BT | none | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| issues | none (2) | none (2) | none (2)(3) | none (2)(3) | none | none |
(1) Not able to get cpu frequency (2) Light Desktop, no HW encoding/decoding, no mali, usable (3) new and improved opp for higher cpu speed / freq, thus higher temp (4) 4.19.0 with ov5640 mainline kernel (**)
[
]
(*) Still not able to get /sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp due to missing THS. (Fixed)
(**) THS added to the kernel, CPU avg freq for the 4 cores = 110% , never gets 400% while compiling the full kernel on board. (Fixed) Can use 100% of all cores for the tests. (FIXED)
(***) The ambient temp varies along the test and is not a controlled ambient, so it is just for reference.
| SBC Dev Board sample | NEO2 | NEO2 | NEO2 | NEO2 | NEO2 | NEO2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| kernel version | 4.17.rc5 | 4.17.rc4 | 4.17.rc1 | 4.16.8 | 4.15.18 | 4.14.30 |
| gcc version | 7.3.0 | 7.2.1 | 7.2.1 | 7.2.1 | 7.3.0 | 7.2.1 |
| display / Touch IC | 2.8" TFT ILI9341 | 2.8" TFT ILI9341 | 2.8" TFT ILI9341 | 2.8" TFT ILI9341 | 2.8" TFT ILI9341 | 2.8" TFT ILI9341 |
| graphical interface | framebuffer | framebuffer | framebuffer | framebuffer | framebuffer | framebuffer |
| power regulator IC | none in this revision | none in this revision | none in this revision | none in this revision | none in this revision | none in this revision |
| idle Temp ºC / freq | NA (*) | NA (*) | NA (*) | 29 ºC / 480 Mhz | 28 ºC / 480 Mhz | 26 ºC / 480 Mhz (**) |
| full Temp ºC / freq | NA (*) | NA (*) | NA (*) | 39 ºC / 1008 Mhz | 39 ºC / 1008 Mhz | 39 ºC / 1008 Mhz (***) |
| RAM memory usage (avg) | 46 Mbytes | 46 Mbytes | 46 Mbytes | 46 Mbytes | 46 Mbytes | 44 Mbytes |
| Wifi | none | none | none | none | none | none |
| BT | none | none | none | none | none | none |
| Gbps / Fast ethernet | ok / ok | ok / ok | ok / ok | ok / ok | ok / ok | ok / ok |
| issues | none | USB hid regression | none | none | none | none |
(*) Could not get statistics and values from kernel (FIXED)
(**) idle temp is achieved with a simple login from console and ssh login waiting for at least 1 hr.
(***) full temp is achieved with a simple login from console and ssh login waiting for at least 1 hr and building a full kernel on board Full kernel build takes > 5 hrs on a slow SD CARD.
| SBC Dev Board sample | NEO Plus2 | NEO Plus2 | NEO Plus2 | NEO Plus2 | NEO Plus2 | NEO Plus2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| kernel version | 4.17.rc5 | 4.17.rc4 | 4.17.rc1 | 4.16.8 | 4.15.18 | 4.14.30 |
| gcc version | 7.3.0 | 7.2.1 | 7.2.1 | 7.2.1 | 7.3.0 | 7.2.1 |
| display / Touch IC | 2.8" ST7789S / ADS7846 | 2.8" ST7789S / ADS7846 | 2.8" ST7789S / ADS7846 | 2.8" ST7789S / ADS7846 | 2.8" ST7789S / ADS7846 | 2.8" ST7789S / ADS7846 |
| graphical interface | framebuffer | framebuffer | framebuffer | framebuffer | framebuffer | X11 / Desktop |
| power regulator IC | gpio-fixed 1v1 / 1v3 | gpio-fixed 1v1 / 1v3 | gpio-fixed 1v1 / 1v3 | gpio-fixed 1v1 / 1v3 | gpio-fixed 1v1 / 1v3 | gpio-fixed 1v1 / 1v3 |
| idle Temp ºC / freq | WiP | WiP | WiP | WiP | WiP | 27 ºC / 624 Mhz (**) |
| full Temp ºC / freq | WiP | WiP | WiP | WiP | WiP | 55 ºC / 1200 Mhz (***) |
| RAM memory usage (avg) | WiP | WiP | WiP | WiP | WiP | 46 Mbytes |
| Wifi | not tested | not tested | not tested | not tested | not tested | OK |
| BT | not tested | not tested | not tested | not tested | not tested | not tested |
| Gbps / Fast ethernet | ok / ok | ok / ok | ok / ok | ok / ok | ok / ok | ok / ok |
| issues | none | USB hid regression | none | none | none | none |
Wifi enabled and in use
(**) idle temp is achieved with a simple login from console and ssh login waiting for at least 1 hr.
(***) full temp is achieved with a simple login from console and ssh login waiting for at least 1 hr and building a full kernel on board. Full kernel build takes > 5 hrs on a slow SD CARD.
Kernel:
Linux version 4.17.0-rc7-h5 (ubuntu@nanopi-k1-plus) (gcc version 7.3.0 (Ubuntu/Linaro 7.3.0-16ubuntu3)) #1 SMP Mon May 28 11:59:24 UTC 2018
Interfaces:
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.254.100 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 192.168.255.255
inet6 fe80::1:fcff:fe05:2848 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 02:01:fc:05:28:48 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 10332 bytes 807119 (807.1 KB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 10198 bytes 1235786 (1.2 MB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
device interrupt 26
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 84 bytes 6280 (6.2 KB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 84 bytes 6280 (6.2 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
wlan0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.254.104 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 192.168.255.255
inet6 fe80::7ec7:9ff:fea5:4611 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 7c:c7:09:a5:46:11 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 763 bytes 94077 (94.0 KB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 22 bytes 3216 (3.2 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[
]
[
]
| SBC Dev Board sample | BPI H5 | BPI H5 | BPI H5 | BPI H5 | BPI H5 | BPI H5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| kernel version | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| gcc version | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| display / Touch ID | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| graphical interface | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| power regulator IC | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| idle Temp ºC / freq | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| full Temp ºC / freq | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| RAM memory usage (avg) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Wifi | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| BT | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| SBC Dev Board sample | BPI-Zero H5 | BPI-Zero H5 | BPI-Zero H5 | BPI-Zero H5 | BPI-Zero H5 | BPI-Zero H5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| kernel version | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| gcc version | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| display / Touch ID | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| graphical interface | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| power regulator IC | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| idle Temp ºC / freq | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| full Temp ºC / freq | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| RAM memory usage (avg) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Wifi | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| BT | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
- K1 Plus is on the way, thanks to FriendlyElec.
Here is the wiring diagram:
[
]
K1 Plus view
[
]
LCD
[
]
1. Set up your chroot environment
We need the chroot tools to access the ARM64 Ubuntu Base rootfs from the X86_64 (HOST PC) and add some packages
2. Get the Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Base files
wget http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-base/bionic/daily/current/bionic-base-arm64.tar.gz
3. Find your SD CARD
Insert the SD CARD into USB card reader/writer and check:
dmesg|tail
[ 181.158588] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] 30547968 512-byte logical blocks: (15.6 GB/14.6 GiB)
[ 181.159831] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] Write Protect is off
[ 181.159835] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] Mode Sense: 03 00 00 00
[ 181.160836] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] No Caching mode page found
[ 181.160841] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through
[ 181.167092] sdc: sdc1 sdc2
[ 181.170832] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI removable disk
[ 182.194865] EXT4-fs (sdc1): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
[ 182.202709] EXT4-fs (sdc2): mounted filesystem without journal. Opts: (null)
The SD CARD is in the format /dev/sdX where X is a letter (b,c,....), in our case is c (from above)
sd card is /dev/sdc
4. Format SD CARD with specific geometry
sudo ./format_sd.sh /dev/sdc
5. Prepare the SD CARD with Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Minimal Rootfs
Change the SDCARD=/dev/sdX (our sd card device) to your /dev/sdX (X is your device letter)
sudo su
export SDCARD=/dev/sdc
mkdir -p rootfs
mount $SDCARD"2" rootfs
6. Decompress the rootfs
tar -xvpzf ./bionic-base-arm64.tar.gz -C ./rootfs --numeric-ow
sync
7. Prepare the SD CARD to chroot
cp /usr/bin/qemu-aarch64-static ./rootfs/usr/bin/
cp /usr/bin/qemu-arm-static ./rootfs/usr/bin/
sync
8. Prepare chroot to add some needed packages
cp -fv /etc/resolv.conf ./etc/resolv.conf
cp -rvf ./etc/* ./rootfs/etc
sync
9. Update our SD CARD with the pre-built kernel
mkdir -p ./rootfs/lib/modules
sudo tar -xvpzf kernel.tar.gz -C ./rootfs/lib/modules --numeric-ow
sync
mkdir -p ./rootfs/lib/firmware
sudo tar -xvpzf firmware.tar.gz -C ./rootfs/lib/firmware --numeric-ow
sync
10. Chroot to SD CARD and add networking
chroot ./rootfs /bin/bash
apt-get install dialog kmod ifupdown net-tools apt-utils pkg-config sudo systemd udev iputils-ping init
This will be the minimum packages nd if you want a bit more like dev tools and console fonts, install ubutu-minimal
apt-get install ubuntu-minimal
if you want to login with ssh then install it
apt-get install ssh
sync
exit (*Exit from chroot*)
Now we need to be able to login as root without password, do in shell:
11. Edit with your preferred editor the file ./rootfs/etc/passwd
Change the line from
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
to
root::0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
and save
11. Edit with your preferred editor the file ./rootfs/etc/shadow
Note: not sure this is really necessary!!
Change the line from
root:*:17392:0:99999:7:::
to
root::17392:0:99999:7:::
and save
12. Add the "ubuntu" user, or your own user - IF YOU WANT
addgroup --gid 1000 ubuntu
adduser --uid 1000 --gid 1000 ubuntu
usermod -a -G adm ubuntu
usermod -a -G cdrom ubuntu
usermod -a -G sudo ubuntu
usermod -a -G dip ubuntu
usermod -a -G plugdev ubuntu
usermod -a -G bluetooth ubuntu
usermod -aG sudo ubuntu
groupadd ubuntu
useradd -m -g adm -G root,sudo,users,audio,video,netdev,plugdev -s /bin/bash ubuntu
echo "ubuntu" >> passwd ubuntu
13. Unmount the partition
umount ./rootfs
sleep 1
rm -rf ./rootfs
13. Prepare the Boot
mkdir -p boot
mount $SDCARD"1" boot
sleep 1
sudo tar -xvpzf boot.tar.gz -C ./boot --numeric-ow
sync
sleep 1
umount ./boot
sleep 1
rm -rf ./boot
Prepare the booloader
sudo dd if=spl/sunxi-spl.bin of=/dev/sdc bs=1024 seek=8
sync
sudo dd if=u-boot.itb of=/dev/sdc bs=1024 seek=40
sync
Exit from su (root)
exit
14. We have now our Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Image on SD CARD
Just make sure the SD CARD is unmounted and remove it from the USB reader/writer
- kernel 4.17.0-rc5 (framebuffer)
[
]
[
]
[
]
- X11 / Desktop
[
]
[
]
[
]
- To Conduct and document some of the experiments