feat: make fs.read params optional

doc/api/fs.md

@@ -2760,6 +2760,26 @@ The callback is given the three arguments, `(err, bytesRead, buffer)`.
 If this method is invoked as its [`util.promisify()`][]ed version, it returns
 a `Promise` for an `Object` with `bytesRead` and `buffer` properties.
 
+## `fs.read(fd, options, callback)`
+<!-- YAML
+added: REPLACEME
+changes:
+  - version: REPLACEME
+    pr-url: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/31402
+    description: Options object can be passed in
+                 to make Buffer, offset, lenght and position optional
+-->
+* `fd` {integer}
+* `options` {Object}
+  * `buffer` {Buffer|TypedArray|DataView} **Default:** `Buffer.alloc(16384)`
+  * `offset` {integer} **Default:** `0`
+  * `length` {integer} **Default:** `buffer.length`
+  * `position` {integer} **Default:** `null`
+* `callback` {Function}
+  * `err` {Error}
+  * `bytesRead` {integer}
+  * `buffer` {Buffer}
+
 ## `fs.readdir(path[, options], callback)`
 <!-- YAML
 added: v0.1.8
@@ -4342,6 +4362,17 @@ Following successful read, the `Promise` is resolved with an object with a
 `bytesRead` property specifying the number of bytes read, and a `buffer`
 property that is a reference to the passed in `buffer` argument.
 
+#### `filehandle.read(options)`
+<!-- YAML
+added: REPLACEME
+-->
+* `options` {Object}
+  * `buffer` {Buffer|Uint8Array}
+  * `offset` {integer}
+  * `length` {integer}
+  * `position` {integer}
+* Returns: {Promise}
+
 #### `filehandle.readFile(options)`
 <!-- YAML
 added: v10.0.0

lib/fs.js

@@ -454,8 +454,27 @@ function openSync(path, flags, mode) {
   return result;
 }
 
+// usage:
+// fs.read(fd, buffer, offset, length, position, callback);
+// OR
+// fs.read(fd, {}, callback)
 function read(fd, buffer, offset, length, position, callback) {
   validateInt32(fd, 'fd', 0);
+
+  if (arguments.length <= 3) {
+    // This is the fs.read(fd, {}, callback) version
+    // fd is fd
+    // buffer will be the options object
+    // offset is the callback
+    const options = buffer;
+    callback = offset;
+
+    buffer = options.buffer || Buffer.alloc(16384);
+    offset = options.offset || 0;
+    length = options.length || buffer.length;
+    position = options.position || null;
+  }
+
   validateBuffer(buffer);
   callback = maybeCallback(callback);
 

test/parallel/test-fs-read-optional-params.js

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+'use strict';
+
+const common = require('../common');
+const fixtures = require('../common/fixtures');
+const fs = require('fs');
+const assert = require('assert');
+const filepath = fixtures.path('x.txt');
+const fd = fs.openSync(filepath, 'r');
+
+const expected = Buffer.from('xyz\n');
+const defaultBufferAsync = Buffer.alloc(16384);
+
+// Optional buffer, offset, length, position
+// fs.read(fd, callback);
+fs.read(fd, {}, common.mustCall((err, bytesRead, buffer) => {
+  assert.strictEqual(bytesRead, expected.length);
+  assert.deepStrictEqual(defaultBufferAsync.length, buffer.length);
+}));